Microbial diseases of the mouth and oral cavity microbiology. Oral and maxillofacial viral infections springerlink. The human oral cavity has an indigenous microbiota known to include a robust community of viruses. However, the advent of the tools of molecular biology, particularly various pcrbased methods, has changed the situation. Most of these infections are highly contagious and, with a few exceptions, antimicrobial drugs are not effective for treatment. Apr 18, 20 the human oral cavity has an indigenous microbiota known to include a robust community of viruses. Viral infections free download as powerpoint presentation. The clinical presentation of common oral viral infections encountered in the dental practice are discussed, including. The viruses also may be transmitted via oralgenital contact. The most common groups of cold viruses include rhinovirus es, coronavirus es, and adenovirus es. Call and register to join 9989626152 25 week daily session 5 8 pm monday to friday 400 hours of live online classes for mds entrance preparation. Feb 12, 2010 in order to assure viral presence in sputum, it is preferable to replicate in cells lining the oral cavity and release a continuous stream of viral particles. Infected saliva or droplets spread the viruses in the oral cavity.
Ppt diseases of oral cavity powerpoint presentation. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. They include the herpes simplex virus, hand, foot and mouth disease hfmd, and in some cases, human papillomavirus or hpv. Dna viruses are found in many different cancers and are also capable of transforming cells to a malignant phenotype. Viral diseases infections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity. Oral infections, a mirror of our overall health condition. Herpes simplex virus the type 1 virus causes cold sores. Viral infections associated with oral cancers and diseases in. Design a crosssectional study of 163 hiv1 and 27 hiv2infected antiretroviral therapynaive senegalese adults. It is not always clear if and when a virus is a direct causative agent, plays an adjuvant role, or is an innocent bystander.
Table 1 summarizes the main characteristics of common oral infections. More than 200 different viruses are known to cause the common cold. Viral infections of the respiratory tract microbiology. Oral manifestations of systemic disease hairy leukoplakia. Infections of the mouth and oral cavity can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The oral cavity may be the primary site of involvement of an infectious disease, or a systemic infection may have oral manifestations. These infections tend to spread along planes of least resistance from the supporting structures of the affected tooth. Oral cavity or the mandibular and maxillary jaws are affected by a lot of acute and chronic infections which can occur due to various reasons and can be found in various locations in the jaws. Association between living environment and human oral. We have uploaded shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf to our online repository to ensure easeofaccess and safety. Nonetheless, many other viral infections can affect the oral cavity in humans, either as localized or systemic infections. Differentiate various opportunistic viral infections in patients with hivaids, particularly those related to herpes viruses.
Pathogenic viruses commonly present in the oral cavity and relevant antiviral compounds derived from natural products. All focal infections, depending on the localization, are divided into two groups, oral and extra oral focal infections. The oral cavity is home to a rich flora of bacteria. Obviously, replication in oral tissue places the oral cavity more at risk for clinical symptoms. Viruses are probably more involved in diseases associated with the oral cavity than has been previously thought. Herpes simplex hsv i and ii skin, mucosa, eye and cns 4. These infections are easy to treat in some cases and in some are difficult which is based on multiple factors along with differences in recurrence rates. Oral cavity anatomical and physiological specificities.
Intro what is a virus basic structure sequlae of infection classification 3. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Keeping these main health issues in mind, the common oral infections like tooth. Table 2 lists the various opportunistic ids that can be encountered clinically in the oral cavity and oropharynx by microbial category. Detection of the viral antigen and tzanck test are useful for diagnosis. In contrast, some conditions almost exclusively affect the oral cavity, such as secondary infection or. Viral and fungal infections of the oral cavity sciencedirect. All focal infections, depending on the localization, are divided into two groups, oral and extraoral focal infections. Viruses are by nature more difficult to detect, at least with traditional methods such as in vitro cultivation. Oral viral infections of adults the endoexperience. The clinical recognition of viral diseases in oral cavity is difficult because of similarities in the clinical picture of several mucosal diseases unrelated to viral agents.
Outline characteristics of oral human papillomavirus infection. Viral diseases may either occur due to cellular destruction or consequence of immune reaction following viral proteins. Viral inf of oral cav fkg nov06 herpes simplex virus. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region are commonly. The gingiva becomes swollen, erythematous, and ulcerated, with ulceration affecting the free andor attached gingiva fig. Periodontology 2000 oral viral infections of adults. Dr ravikumar v, jr ii, dept of oral path, gdc, kottayam 2. A wide range of viral infections can affect the oral cavity. This article discusses viral conditions of the oral cavity, including. Viral infections of oral cavity global events usa europe. Viral oral infections are virus that can affect the mouth and oral area.
Division of oral pathology, faculty of dental medicine mu plovdiv. Single or double strand dna or rna protein coat capsid often with an envelope. Pdf oral manifestations of viral infections researchgate. The oral mucosa is a common site for primary viral infections. May 30, 2018 hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family practitioner with an up to date guide to better diagnosis and management. Many of the conditions listed in table 2 can affect regions other than the oral cavity, and can also be seen in immunocompetent individuals. Association between living environment and human oral viral. Herpes simplex is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 hsv1 or type 2 hsv2. Ijms free fulltext new viral facets in oral diseases.
Outline bacterial infections fungal infections viral infections oral pathology infectious diseases with manifestations in oral cavity. Herpesviruses and papillomaviruses are among the viruses that presumably use this strategy. Viral diseases of the oral mucosa and the perioral region are often. The oral cavity, eyes and genitalia are affected by hsv1, whereas the genitalia are mainly involved in hsv2. Oral pathology bacterial infections of the oral cavity. A viral disease of the oral cavity is the infectious type of pathology affecting oral tissues. Methods participants received clinical and oral exams. The oral cavity is the primary site of many viral illnesses as well as a site with specific manifestations of more systemic viral disease. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. The aetiology of epithelial cancer of the head and neck is considered to be a multifactorial, sequential process. Most viral infections occur across mucosal membranes. What are the treatment options for viral oral infections. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region.
Saliva plays a key role in protecting the body from a wide variety of viral infections in addition to its role in controlling the colonization of bacteria in the oral cavity. Viral infections associated with oral cancers and diseases. Viral infection o herpes simplex virus o varicella o infectious mononucleosis o herpangia o handfoot and mouth disease o acute lymphonodular pharyngitis o measles o mumps o hiv. The plethora of mammalian viruses in the lesions seen in periodontitis proposes that viruses play a. Indigenous microbes that cause oral ois can consist of species native to the oral cavity, or arise from niches proximal or distal to the mouth. List of acute and chronic infections of oral cavity. Infections of the oral cavity are most commonly odontogenic in origin and include dental caries, periapical infections, gingivitis, periodontal infections and abscesses, and deep fascial space infections. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf free shafers textbook of oral pathology the periodic and timely revisions of shafers textbook of oral pathology have brought out a treatise, well conceived and written with the aim of updating students all necessary nuances of the specialty. Although most of these infections can be controlled by oral hygiene measures, these infections are directly related to the immunity and health status of an individual. These viruses are usually very contagious and can cause painful oral sores, depending on the type of oral virus.
The oral focal infections are very common in the human body due to the anatomical and histological structure of the oral cavity and the permanent presence of virulent microorganisms in it. Infections of the oral cavity, neck, and head infectious. Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2 sexually. Herpes simplex virus hsv causes mucocutaneous infections, most often of the oral and genital area. Oral ois are initiated by either exogenously acquired pathogens or resident host flora. Viral infections, many of which present as ulcerative lesions, have been discussed in a previous edition. Ppt diseases of oral cavity powerpoint presentation free. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family. Herpes simplex virus hsv infection the herpes viridae family of viruses contains nine different viruses that are pathogenic in humans in general, infections above the waist are caused by hsv 1 and hose below the waist by hsv 2,although with changing sexual practices, it is not uncommon to culture hsv 2 from oral lesions and vice versa the. Viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity flashcards. Whether systemic viral illnesses cause direct oral lesions or create problems for dental treatment, an awareness of their spectrum of influence is necessary.
Recognizing these oral lesions often provides important. The role of several viruses in ulceration is well known, but viruses of the herpes family may play a role in periodontitis, and papillomaviruses are probably involved in oral cancer. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf free. Examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. These include traumatic ulcers, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, malignancy, as well as oral ulceration associated. Viral diseases that are systemic or those that have a predilection for the oral and maxillofacial area can influence the course of dental treatment and can pose significant health issues and even result in death. Herpes simplex virus hsv infection the herpes viridae family of viruses contains nine different viruses that are pathogenic in humans in general, infections above the waist are caused by hsv 1 and hose below the waist by hsv 2,although with changing sexual practices, it is not uncommon to culture hsv 2 from oral lesions and vice versa the most common. Microbial infections in oral cavity wenyuan shi microbial infections in oral cavity wenyuan shi powerpoint ppt presentation free to view benign mucosal lesions of the oral cavity 33 yo male admitted for throat pain, fever. Probably most common amongst these worldwide are infection with herpes simplex 1 hsv1, varicella zoster virus vzv. Hsv1 predominates in the oral region while hsv2 is isolated from most cases of recurrent genital herpes.
Oral manifestations of viral diseases jpr solutions. Obligate intracellular parasites enters host cell in order to replicate. Oral infections are very common and may be a sign of an illness involving other parts of the body. Viral infections typically present with abrupt onset and association of solitary or multiple blister or ulcerations. Infectious diseases we are surrounded and inhabited by an enormous number of. Objective to quantify the prevalence and burden of hiv type 2 hiv2 and hiv1 rna in the oral cavity of antiretroviral therapynaive hivinfected senegalese individuals and to identify correlates of oral hiv viral loads. Many of these infections only affect the mouth, but some can spread and become systemic infections. The oral cavity is affected by various viral disease manifestations, and it is frequently encountered with viral. Many biomolecules in saliva have antiviral activities for specific viruses 74. Many viruses are capable of entering and causing disease in the respiratory system, and a number are able to spread beyond the respiratory system to cause systemic infections. Pdf examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination.
Methods participants received clinical and oral exams and. Oct 11, 2014 viral infections of the oral cavity 1. Odontogenic orofacial infections arise either from dental caries or periodontal infections that have extended beyond the alveolar bone to involve the fascial spaces around the face and oral cavity. Very little is known about how oral viruses are spread throughout the environment or to which. Download shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf free. Viral infections in oral mucosa, european journal of oral. What are the most common types of viral oral infections. Start studying viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity. Cde oral pathology and oral medicine 2 oral infections viral infections viruses consist of.
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